ABSTRACT Presteaming of chip and applied pressure greatly influence penetration of black liquor into pine chips. Complete penetration of sapwood chips can be reached just by applying extra pressure. To achieve a high degree of penetration of the heartwood chips, air present within the wood capillaries has to be removed by presteaming. Efficient liquor penetration achieved by optimising conditions at …

ABSTRACT Studies of pulp strength delivery have shown that cooking is the most significant step causing strength losses in softwood pulp. In the early 1990s it was demonstrated that different cooking processes resulted in different strength delivery and that displacement kraft batch cooking systems resulted in a pulp strength which comes very close to the strength of the laboratory reference …